This collection was compiled by Robert A. Wilson and centers topically on materials created by or related to Gertrude Stein. The collection includes letters, photographs, audiovisual materials, paper ephemera, souvenir objects, sheet music, literary works at various stages prior to publication (handwritten, typed, drafts, proofs).

Significantly, after Stein, items relating to her partner Alice B. Toklas make up the bulk of the collection. Notable creators in this collection also include photographer Carl Van Vechten and composer Virgil Thomson, both of whom worked with or included Stein and Toklas as subjects in their works. Additionally, the collection includes some of Wilson's day-to-day records of his Phoenix Book Shop business that have connections to his collecting of Gertrude Stein materials.

The collection also includes some of Wilson's own personal papers, such as letters from organizations or other Stein enthusiasts to him, his notes on the author, and his reference photographs of Stein and Toklas' memorials and gravestones. This collection spans in time from 1874 to 2011.