Citing Sources
More Styles
- ACM (Association for Computing Machinery)
- ACS (American Chemical Society)
- AMA - American Medical Assoc.
- ASME (Mechanical Engineers)
- CSE - Council of Science Editors
- ICMJE - Int'l Comm Medical Journal Editors ("Vancouver")
- IEEE
Here are ACM templates for references and for in-text citations in RefWorks (as of July 2023). That page also has a link to BibTex example.
- In RefWorks, every ACM journal and conference proceeding is listed.
- Click "Create bibliography" (on top), and enter ACM in the box, then scroll down to the publication whose style you want to use:
Generative AI -- Read the ACM FAQ and the Policy on Authorship
The American Chemical Society (ACS) has online information about its style.
- How to cite articles, books, websites, and other things (as of 2020)
- Other style information, such as style for chemical elements, isotopes, electronic configurations, and crystallography
Policies about Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tools in Publications
- AI and the Ghostwriter in the Machine (ACS Axial blog, February 16, 2023):
"The ACS Author Guidelines state that AI tools do not qualify for authorship—and that any such tools used to produce text or images should be disclosed within the manuscript.8 These guidelines are in accordance with those of COPE, as well as organizations such as the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) and the JAMA Network." - Under "Author List, Authorship, and Coauthor Notification":
"Artificial intelligence (AI) tools do not qualify for authorship. The use of AI tools for text or image generation should be disclosed in the manuscript within the Acknowledgment section with a description of when and how the tools were used. For more substantial use cases or descriptions of AI tool use, authors should provide full details within the Methods or other appropriate section of the manuscript."
The latest edition is the 11th (2019) [online].
Note: Updates are added here, as they are made.
---The most recent updates may not yet be included in the ebook itself, so always take a look at this page to see what's new.
Some quick tips:
- Here is the information for reference formats
- A DOI should be included if available
Generative AI Policies
- Chapter 14.5.2 Software has been expanded to provide guidance on how to mention the use of AI tools in scientific communications, including use of nonproprietary names and manufacturer and version number.
- Section 5.1.12, Use of Artificial Intelligence and Language Models was added (February 2023), which summarizes the new JAMA Network policy prohibiting the use of artificial intelligence or similar technologies/tools as byline authors.
- AMA also refers to ICMJE guidance Section 4: Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Assisted Technology
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) has an annual conference, called International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering (IDETC-CIE).
- The "Policies" page for its 2024 conference states:
"The use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI) to create, edit, modify, or devised any ASME publications is Prohibited due to unresolved issues around copyright, attribution, and use. ASME is actively investigating how to safely incorporate Gen AI into the publishing workflow."
The Council of Science Editors has its own writing and publication style.
- The library owns the latest edition (8th ed., 2014) in print
CSE’s Recommendations for Promoting Integrity in Scientific Journal Publications (updated June 2023)
- (Page #21) Section 21.1.15: Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Work
- (Page #28) Section 2.2.2: Other Authorship Issues
- Scientific Style and FormatCall Number: T11 .S386 2014
The style known as "Vancouver" was created by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). It is used by many biomedical journals including Annals of Internal Medicine, British Medical Journal (BMJ), JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association), and New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).
Here are the organization's guidelines for preparing a manuscript for submission.
In the References section of that page, there is a lot of guidance, including
- examples of how citations should look
- abbreviate journal titles according the style used for MEDLINE
- follow NLM's Citing Medicine, 2nd edition, which is free online on NCBI's "bookshelf" -- look at the Table of Contents for how to cite conference proceedings and other things.
Some journals use variations on Vancouver style. For style points that vary -- e.g., whether to cite electronic references within parentheses in the text or in numbered references following the text -- you should consult the specific journal to which you plan to submit your manuscript.
Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals
(updated January 2024)
-
Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Assisted Technology (Section 4 of ICMJE guidance [page #3])
- IEEE DataPort - How to Cite References (last modified May 2019) -- Easy guide with examples of how to cite various types of information, and how to do in-text citations.
- IEEE Reference Guide (November 2018) -- More detailed guide to citing various kinds of information sources in IEEE style.
- IEEE Editorial Style Manual for Authors (last updated June 2023) -- Use if you are writing something to submit to an IEEE journal.
- IEEE Mathematics Guide (November 2018) shows how mathematical equations should be written.
- Purdue OWL Guide to IEEE Style
Guidelines for Artificial Intelligence (AI)-generated Text (scroll to the bottom)
-- This is their policy, not their style, but they reference APA's recent blog post for how to cite ChatGPT, which also covers "creating a reference to ChatGPT or other AI models and software"
- Last Updated: Sep 13, 2024 10:57 AM
- URL: https://guides.library.jhu.edu/citing
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